Friday, November 9, 2018

Parshat Toldot

וְאֵלֶּה תּוֹלְדֹת יִצְחָק בֶּן־אַבְרָהָם אַבְרָהָם הוֹלִיד אֶת־יִצְחָק׃
These are the descendants of Yitzchak, son of Avraham: Avraham sired Yitzchak.

וַיְהִי יִצְחָק בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בְּקַחְתּוֹ אֶת־רִבְקָה בַּת־בְּתוּאֵל הָאֲרַמִּי מִפַּדַּן אֲרָם אֲחוֹת לָבָן הָאֲרַמִּי לוֹ לְאִשָּׁה׃
And Yitzchak was (son of forty years =) forty years old in taking for himself Rivkah -- daughter of B'tuel the Aramean from Paddan Aram, brother of Lavan the Aramean -- to him to (be his) wife.

וַיֶּעְתַּר יִצְחָק לַיהוָה לְנֹכַח אִשְׁתּוֹ כִּי עֲקָרָה הִוא וַיֵּעָתֶר לוֹ יְהוָה וַתַּהַר רִבְקָה אִשְׁתּוֹ׃
And Yitzchak prayed to YHVH in front of (on behalf of?) his wife because she was barren; and he prayed to YHVH and Rivkah his wife became pregnant.



New words:
עָתַר = pray, supplicate
נֹכַח = in front of, opposite to, before
עָקָר = barren
הָרָה = conceive, become pregnant

Wednesday, October 17, 2018

Genesis, chapter 1

א. בְּרֵאשִׁ֖ית בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֵ֥ת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֵ֥ת הָאָֽרֶץ׃
1. To begin with, God fashioned the heavens and the earth.

ב. וְהָאָ֗רֶץ הָיְתָ֥ה תֹ֙הוּ֙ וָבֹ֔הוּ וְחֹ֖שֶׁךְ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י תְה֑וֹם וְר֣וּחַ אֱלֹהִ֔ים מְרַחֶ֖פֶת עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַמָּֽיִם׃
2. And the earth was chaos and emptiness, and darkness was upon the face of Tehom (the primeval deep-sea abyss), and the spirit of God [was] hovering upon the face of the water.

ג. וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֖ים יְהִ֣י א֑וֹר וַֽיְהִי־אֽוֹר׃
3. And God said "there will be light!", and there was light.

ד. וַיַּ֧רְא אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הָא֖וֹר כִּי־ט֑וֹב וַיַּבְדֵּ֣ל אֱלֹהִ֔ים בֵּ֥ין הָא֖וֹר וּבֵ֥ין הַחֹֽשֶׁךְ׃
4. And God saw the light, that it was good, and God made a distinction between the light and the darkness.

ה. וַיִּקְרָ֨א אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ לָאוֹר֙ י֔וֹם וְלַחֹ֖שֶׁךְ קָ֣רָא לָ֑יְלָה וַֽיְהִי־עֶ֥רֶב וַֽיְהִי־בֹ֖קֶר י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃ 
5. And God called to the light: "day!" and to the darkness he called "night!"; and there was evening and there was morning: Day One.

ו. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֔ים יְהִ֥י רָקִ֖יעַ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַמָּ֑יִם וִיהִ֣י מַבְדִּ֔יל בֵּ֥ין מַ֖יִם לָמָֽיִם׃ 
6. And God said "there will be an expanse between the waters and it will be separating water from water.

ז. וַיַּ֣עַשׂ אֱלֹהִים֮ אֶת־הָרָקִיעַ֒ וַיַּבְדֵּ֗ל בֵּ֤ין הַמַּ֙יִם֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ מִתַּ֣חַת לָרָקִ֔יעַ וּבֵ֣ין הַמַּ֔יִם אֲשֶׁ֖ר מֵעַ֣ל לָרָקִ֑יעַ וַֽיְהִי־כֵֽן׃
7. And God made the expanse and it separated the water which was below the expanse from the water which was over the expanse, and it was so.

ח. וַיִּקְרָ֧א אֱלֹהִ֛ים לָֽרָקִ֖יעַ שָׁמָ֑יִם וַֽיְהִי־עֶ֥רֶב וַֽיְהִי־בֹ֖קֶר י֥וֹם שֵׁנִֽי׃
8. And God called to the expanse: "sky"; and there was evening and there was morning: Day Two.


New words in this passage (in order of appearance, with translations from BDB):

רֵאשִׁית = beginning, chief = first phase, step, or element in a course of events; principal or choice part

ב.ר.א = shape, create, fashion (pa'al); be created, formed (niph.); cut down/out (pi'el)

תֹהוּ = formlessness, confusion, unreality, emptiness; chaos, waste; groundless, worthless, to no purpose

בֹהוּ = emptiness

חֹשֶׁךְ = darkness; secret-place; fig. distress, mourning, ignorance, evil, obscurity

תְהוֹם = deep; sea or river; abyss

ר.ח.ף = hover (pi'el)

ב.ד.ל = divide, separate, set apart, make-a-distinction-between (hiph.); separate oneself, withdraw from, be excluded or set apart (niph.)

רַקִיעַ = extended surface, solid expanse (as of ice, beaten metal), supporting vault